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Definition Chess
Chess game in which players scramble to move the pieces (called pawns) on the patch which divided into squares each player tries to fatality king of the opponent,

The history of chess
History. There is no agreement among historians on the start time of the game and the inventor. They believe that the game launched in India in the 7th century AD, has mentioned that the Sapphire, which put the assets of this game is Ssh developed for the Indian and the Persian king Bahram, or maybe before that date, and spread in Persia. The game then moved to the neighboring countries when the Arabs conquered Persia Muslims in the first century AH, in the forties of the seventh century. Then he took the game to the conquerors of Spain in the early eighth century AD. And by the year 1000, spread the game in Europe including the Scandinavian countries.
And began the new phase of chess from the 16th century when the game took its current form. The French musician Vilidor (eighteenth century) was the first world champion in chess. To see the world champions in chess since 1866 AD See the table in this article.
In 1993, controversy raged between the world champion Garry Kasparov and challenger for the title of Neil Short hand and the World Chess Federation on the other hand on the plan to organize the championship match. The foundations of the Union of professional players for chess, Kasparov won the shorts under the auspices of the new union. Maximum of the International Federation of chess players of the tournament which was won by the following Anatoly Karpov Jean Timan. In 1995, Kasparov kept his title after he defeated the Indian Vezwanathan Anand. In the matches of the International Federation Kasparov kept his title after he defeated American Jatta Kamski in 1996. Kasparov was able to rout computer Deep Blue from IBM, but the computer came back to avenge himself; defeated Kasparov in May 1997 despite the objections of Kasparov on aid provided to the computer. In 1998, changed the name of the Union of Professional Chess to the International Council of chess.

Chessboard and stones
The board and pieces. Does not have a record size of the patch. The area is divided into 64 squares arranged in eight rows, each row in the eight boxes, ranging from light and dark.Rows is called the spin-off grades are called queues longitudinal rows and rows of country called the diagonal.

position of the players
Both players sit facing one another, on the corner area, which is located to the right of each square a light color. Both players used two sets of 16 pieces, one with a light color and the other with a dark color. Is called the player who uses the group with light colored white, and called the player who uses the group with the dark black color. Each group consists of eight identical pieces are called pawns, and eight other pieces are called pawns of high value. It consists of high-value Pawns of the King, and the Minister, and Qotain, and horses, and elephants.
Ranked pair cutting off before the start of play, and then formulate their respective Pawns the class of high-value cross near him, and puts the pawns in front of the class following accidental. Operates Kulatan boxes pillars, followed by horses, and the following Alhsanin Afilan, and operates the minister middle box corresponding to the color, followed by the king, and all faces of the king and the minister across the board and the minister of King foes.

How to move stones chess

King and the minister can move in any direction on the chessboard. However, the King can move one square only, while the minister can be moved to more than one box. And moving towards the castle any number of squares, but in the direction of vertical and horizontal only.
Can elephant move towards any number of squares, but in the direction of a country only, and the horse moves in any direction in the form of the character English (L), and moves the pawn forward one square or two squares in the first movement, and then, moving one square at a time and seize the movement on the stone diameter.
Moves. Moving each piece of the chess pieces in a special way, and allocates each of them with the exception of King corporate value depending on how their mobility. The order of the pieces of the highest legal value allocated to it to less value as follows: Minister, then the castle, then the elephant, then horse, then pawn. May increase or less legal value of the piece depending on its location and its relationship to other pieces on the board.
The minister is the most powerful pieces for the accident and that he is moving longitudinally and diagonally unless objected to the way another piece. King and moves the same way that moves the minister, but it moves only one square at a time. And withholds any player movement lead to the exposure of his death.
Moving castle accidental or longitudinally as long as their way free. The Elephant Vihrk any way as long as the Qatar-free, but it remains on the light or dark squares. And the horse is only able to jump over the pieces, and be his on-shaped (L) Vihrk square up or down, and then one square to the right or north, or move two squares to the right or the north, and then one square up or down . The pawn can move one square forward at a time, except for the first movement, where it can be moved to one box or two.

Pieces that can kill any anti-cut to prevent its progress. The implementation of the player who shall kill by moving the piece to a square with a busy enemy, who shall remove them from the board and put a piece in a place (s) submitted. Can plot to kill the piece that in its way only, the pawn does not kill the piece that is on his way to the Imam, but it usually kills the piece that you are in the box on the right hand or north of the front, and can pawn also to kill waive, a special rule is used only if The player with the pawn reached the fifth grade to grade any accidental fifth. If you move the pawn in a hostile convoy any adjacent vertical row of adjacent two steps forward can be killed like a move only one square, to be murder in the movement of the player following. If the pawn reached beyond rank, far beyond any line of casual player, it falls short, that is replaced by any other piece is the king, and because the players usually replacing the minister Balbadq, so often Matday this upgrade upgrade pawn to the Minister.

How to play chess
. White player starts to play, then rotate players then play it. The game usually consists of three phases:
1 - Opening 2 - Central game. 3 - game conclusion.
At the opening, cutting off both players move to the sites to be able to attack the opponent or impede his movement. Experts recommend new players to move each piece or movement of only two movements until you move all the pieces. As advised by the move Alhsanin Alvelin, and avoid moving the pawns except one or two in the middle.
King fortifies players usually through the opening to protect it, and this is the only movement that can be the player to move the two pieces at a time. The player in the process of moving the king two squares immunization side in the direction of any of the Kulotain, then put the castle on the box that through it the king. It can be based players immunization in one case only and that each of the king and the castle did not Athrka yet, and there is no any cut between them, and Nokia of any king or squares that will be crossing the threatened attack on it. It occurs a lot of excitement in a game of chess during the game Central, where players try to achieve excellence in the number of pieces and put them to prepare for the attack on the king of direct enemy. The focus of each player in the game Conclusion pawn promoted to the Minister. It can be used by players during the game as a striker King Conclusion when most pieces have been killed, and be safe to move the king.
The player who attacks the King to give fair warning of King's death even though it is not compulsory. The player can piece the attacking defender fatality or move the king to a square or move another piece between the king and the attacking piece. If neither of these options is possible, the match ends in victory Striker The player can surrender before the fatality if it finds that the situation is critical.
Could end in a draw if both players found that they are unable to resolve the situation. Both players and sometimes resort to repeating the same movements, if the movements were repeated three times without making any of the players any more than two players and declare a draw.
Descriptive symbols. I have been nominated under each row of stones above the first row of boxes at the beginning of the play. And horizontal squares numbered from 1 to 8, starting from row closest to each player and the castle is set out in the area of the S-5 player white stones, and Castle BC player and 4 post for the black stones.
Chess symbols. Uses most of the players in the English-speaking countries and descriptive symbols, also called English symbols to record the results of the game. In this system, called the pieces adjacent to the King of King's men, called the pieces adjacent to the Minister of men minister, called pawns on behalf of the piece that stands in front of each of them at the beginning of the game. And to be registered in the system name (s) and the box that moves him.
The squares are called as longitudinal pieces, which occupies the first box of them at the beginning of the game. Squares are called middle boxes and boxes of King by the Minister. The players numbered squares in the rows of the first spin-off to the eighth grade, starting closest to the player. And letters that symbolize the Pawns are: k-of the king, KR-of the castle, KB-to Phil King, KN-horse of the king.
And called the minister cut the same way and a symbol of the Minister of the symbol Q-.The pawn has the symbol signifies the P-, and the other symbols in this system is x to kill the piece, and (police) of the movement, CH-alert that an exhibition of King's death.

Symbols arrest.
Put letters on the rows of vertical from A to H and numbers from 1 to 8 on the horizontal rows, starting from the first row close to the player white stones, so each name box component of the character vertical and figure the horizontal, and so we find in this area that the castle in the box h - 5.
In the system of forced tree symbolizes the letters from A-to H-to the longitudinal rows of white actually starting to the north. The figures of the tree symbolizes the first to eighth grade to the rank of any accidental starting of the earliest white rank. Record players moves the pieces and squares named transmitted to it. The Pawns are the moves is up to the designation boxes that move in toSessions of the competition. Union is organizing the International Chess International Chess competitions. And organize championships every two years to determine the world champion. Challenger is determined for the title of hero during the preliminary rounds of the tournament, and the possession of the player who wins six games in the series championship title of champion of the world.
Is determined by the time of the games in this league, where the player must perform a variety of moves during a specific time period. For example, the player must make forty moves through a time of two hours, one hour special to be calculated.
World champions in chess

Name of State History Hero
1866-1894 AD William Steinz Austria
1894-1921 m Emmanuel intoxicated Germany
1921-1927 AD Jose Cabablanka Cuba
1927-1935 Alexander M. Olejaan the Soviet Union
1935-1937 m Max Ewe Netherlands
1937-1946 Alexander M. Olejaan the Soviet Union
1947, no hero
1948-1956 m of the Soviet Union Mikhail Botvninik
1957-1958 m Vasily Smcilov Alathada to Soviet
1958-1960 m of the Soviet Union Mikhail Botvninik
1960-1961 AD Mikhail Tal of the Soviet Union
1961-1963 m of the Soviet Union Mikhail Botvninik
Tigran Petrosian 1963-1969 m of the Soviet Union
1969-1972 AD Boris Spassky of the Soviet Union
1972-1975 AD Bobby Fisher United States
1975-1985 m Anatoly Karpov of the Soviet Union
1985-1993 AD Garry Kasparov, the Soviet Union (later Russia)
1993, Garry Kasparov, Russia (Federation of Professional Chess)
1993, Russia Anatoly Karpov (World Chess Federation)

Cycle chess games take place within certain period of time it takes for all the players recorded on a stopwatch particular can be seen behind the chessboard. And after each shift to the player, press the key time to stop for that player and move for the player's hand, and it shows in this picture match took place in London in 1986 to make the world championship in this game between Gary Kasprov (left) and Anatoly Karpov.

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